Section 1. Basics

1.1 Current and Voltage

Current is the term used to describe the flow of electrons through a conductor. It is measured in Amps (A). Voltage is a measurement of the amount of energy released by the current flow. Referred to often as the potential difference or electro-motive force. It is measured in Volts (V). In dealing with fluctuating voltages and currents, it is common to use complex numbers. We write,
v = Ve^jwt = Vcos(wt) + jVsin(wt)

to represent a sinusoidally fluctuating voltage of amplitude V and angular frequency w, where t is time. Similarily we use

i = Ie^jwt = Icos(wt) + jIsin(wt)

to represent a fluctuating current.